Smart New Material Capable of Enhancing Aerodynamics in Cars, Aircraft at Hannover Messe 2019

飞机和汽车中的空气动力学对于节省能源至关重要。但是,调节节省能源的技术仅针对一速范围进行设计。科学家在Technische Universität Kaiserslautern已经制定了一种更通用的技术:由于所谓的形状记忆线,“智能材料”可以自动使其形状适应各种情况。它也可以根据客户需求进行定制,并合并为当前组件。科学家通过启动“紧凑”来推广其材料。他们将在4月1日至5日在莱茵兰 - 帕特纳特研究台(Hall 2,Stand B40)的汉诺威·梅斯(Hannover Messe)展示这种材料。

在寻找猎物,老鹰队在天空中慢慢圈出。他们的扇形羽毛在其翅膀末端的羽毛确保它们以中等低速行驶的效率尽可能高效。然而,由于它们的翅膀,鸟类在快速鼻子中也适应了新情况。

Aircraft are yet to become as flexible as birds of prey. There are commercial technologies that help to enhance efficiency. These include, for instance, so-called winglets, a sort of curved extension at the tips of the wings.“湍流器是另一个例子,”TechnischeUniversitätkaiserslautern(TUK)的复合材料研究所(IVW)的M亚博网站下载oritzHübler博士说。“这些是大量的小干扰表面,可稳定机翼表面的流动。这使飞行员飞行更慢。”continues his research colleague Patricia Schweitzer. Both have one shared factor: they are only inflexible components that do not adjust automatically during flight.“Here, aerodynamics of the aircraft is only designed for certain speeds,”says Hübler.

Hübler和Schweitzer周围的研究人员正常工作的技术与Eagle的机翼相应地灵活。它自动调整到各种速度和温度。使用由由镍氨基烷化合物组成的形状内存合金创建的电线。

这就是专家们描述这些电线在变形后恢复其旧形式的现象的方式。当电线加热时,例如通过电流收缩。

Dr Moritz Hübler, Institute for Composite Materials (IVW), TUK.

The wires are added to a flexible plate composed of composite material. Akin to the human musculature, a contraction of the wires makes the material to bend.

“我们的活性材料所需的体积较少,并且比常规技术(例如压缩空气或电动机)的重量较低,”Schweitzer解释。他们可以按照团队的指示来修改其模块或执行器,以满足个人客户需求。“我们提供不同的尺寸,它们可用于不同的材料,例如纤维增强的塑料或金属,”亚博网站下载Schweitzer继续。执行器也可以以各种方式应用于零件,并合并到电气系统中。“Bonded and screwed joints are possible as well as soldered connections or plugging onto a brass wire,”Schweitzer继续解释。团队已经为材料结构提供了专利。Hübler和Schweitzer在他们的创业“紧凑型”中,将其与他们的三个合作伙伴Daniel Vogelsanger,NicolàHammann和Nils Neblung一起扩展到市场成熟。

A number of new functions are imaginable with this “intelligent material”, such as gap- and bend-free aircraft flaps that automatically enhance aerodynamics for various speeds and thereby save energy. In flight tests, IVW scientists and partners have already been able to demonstrate that their material can also be employed in turbulators: they could be easily stretched at the touch of a button.

这允许在不损害效率的情况下较慢,陡峭,更安全的着陆途径。

Dr Moritz Hübler, Institute for Composite Materials (IVW), TUK.

So as to minimize fuel consumption, a related area of application is also likely for vehicles. Hübler quotes another example:“This technology could be automatically used to achieve optimum aerodynamics at any time by means of existing sensors, regardless of whether you are driving in the city or on the motorway.”

应用的另一个领域是通风和加热系统,但该技术也适用于运动域中的保护头盔或高级灯具设计的冷却系统。

在汉诺威·梅斯(Hannover Messe),科学家将展示一个飞机翼的模型,其中安装了六个可以独立调节的执行器。他们还提出了一种方法,其中材料被收缩,因此在不消耗能量的情况下保持弯曲状态。“我们使用一个简单的闩锁,在该状态下修复系统;例如,它类似于花园大门中的闩锁,”says Schweitzer. They have also formulated another option for this technology, using a sort of click system that is akin to that of a ballpoint pen, which ensures that the refill stays outside.

该启动项目由联邦经济技术部(BMWI)资助,作为第一个资金阶段的复合材料研究所的“存在研究转移项目”,直到2020年初。亚博网站下载TUK和复合材料研究所为企业家提供了帮助。亚博网站下载该团队已经与客户建立了联系,并正在安排明年的第一次系列制作。

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