基质辅助激光沉积电离（MALDI）是一种在质谱法中采用的“软”，低裂差电离技术。MALDI的关键优势在于它能够快速测量大量化合物而不会损害样品。
当样品以二维移动时，记录质谱，使组织样品中的数千种化合物被识别并映射到图像上。这个过程称为MALDI成像。
MALDI成像用于制药行业的各种应用，本文仅讨论了少数应用。
申请
Measuring Drug Distribution
必须最大程度地谨慎地测量药物中药物的分布，以确保样品具有适当的药物浓度以有效。如果药物分布太低或太高，则药物可能会产生不良作用，或者没有足够大的剂量来产生所需的结果。
MALDI成像使检测到的药物作为图像的分布可视化，可用于分析组织室与其他成像方式合并时组织室的分子特征。该方法的好处是能够研究药物的定位，如果需要在LC-MS分析之前进行组织均质化，则可以进行定位数据。
MALDI imaging is the only technique that can be employed to successfully measure the drug distribution (and localization) in pharmaceuticals. Compared to other methods, MALDI can differentiate metabolites and drugs. This in combination with the microscopic information the technique delivers paves way for new possibilities in histopharmacology.
分子组织分类
Both supervised and unsupervised methods enable the classification of tissue based on the molecular phenotype. MALDI imaging datasets can be segmented interactively depending on spectral similarity owing to hierarchal clustering. This allows the data to be easily annotated and insights to be made where the same microscopic phenotype may be related to different molecular phenotypes.
Statistical classification models that differentiate between molecular tissues can be generated when the mass spectrum discovered by MALDI is correlated to a defined historical region. MALDI imaging also has the ability to classify unknown molecular tissue samples. In order to perform this task, supervised classificators are trained with known samples.
Clinical Cancer Research
Human cancer samples can be analyzed using MALDI imaging owing to its ability to preserve the histology and spatial distribution of the samples. Access to the entire histological and spatial information is permitted. This is advantageous as cancer samples are usually highly heterogeneous in nature with lots of histological structures on a small scale.
Previously unknown proteins in cancer have been successfully identified using MALDI imaging. This knowledge has helped to improve understanding of the disease in the hope of eradicating it totally. A correlation has also been observed between molecular patterns or signals and tumor subtype or other parameters, which can help acquire new insights to further improve this understanding.
来自布鲁克的马尔迪成像
Bruker offers a variety of instruments that can be employed to carry out all aspects of MALDI imaging, from sample preparation to histology.
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